The objective of this course is to initiate the participants to the technique of open hole log interpretation in order to quickly identify and characterize reservoirs for various applications, either in geothermal or oil and gas environment.
After an overview of the basics of petrophysics and well logging techniques, the logging tool principles, quality control and applications will be presented along with the interpretation.
COURSE PROGRAM:
BASICS OF PETROPHYSICS AND WELL LOGGING
Basic reservoir petrophysics : Porosity, Resistivity, Saturation, Permeability, Archie Formula
Borehole environment, Invasion phenomenum and associated parameters.
Wireline, LWD and coring techniques.
FUNDAMENTALS OF OPEN HOLE LOG INTERPRETATION
Common log responses in Salt, Anhydrite, Coal, Shales, Clastic and Carbonate formations.
Identification of seals, tight or impermeable formations and clean reservoirs
Principle, quality control and applications of
Caliper, GR, Spectral GR, SP,
Resistivities ( Laterolog & Inductions) and Micro-Resistivities,
Litho-Density, Neutron, Sonic and Dipôle Sonic
Identification of fluid contacts with logs recorded in Water or Oil based mud
Hydrocarbon effect on density & neutron logs and GOC identification
Determination of water resistivity Rw with various techniques (SP, Ratio, Rwa, Pickett)
Determination of reservoir temperature, water salinity, mud filtrate resistivity
Comparison of water salinity with sample from production or from well test
Determination of reservoir lithology, porosity, thickness, water and hydrocarbon saturations with Archie formula.
Use of Density, Neutron, Sonic cross-plots for lithology and porosity.
Estimation of HPhiSo for OOIP and, eventually, hydrocarbon mobility
Introduction to quantitative log interpretation with
Shale effect on logs
Estimation of Vclay from GR, SP and D-N
Estimation of effective porosity and water saturation with various formulas.
Comparison of results to core data. K-Phi plots. Permeability equations.
PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS & FLUID SAMPLING
Technique of pressure measurements and fluid sampling.
Applications: determination of fluid contacts, fluid gradients and fluid densities.
NMR, DIPMETER & BOREHOLE IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Principle and applications of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Dipmeter and BoreHole Imaging
LEARNING APPROACH :
This basic log interpretation course is based first on a good log observation to perform a sound quality control of the data.
The interpretation is performed on various sets of logs recorded in water or oil based mud, in vertical of deviated wells. It is done by hand with color pens, calculator or excel spreadsheet.
Eventually, on client request, an initiation to log interpretation on PC for 2 hours per day can be performed with the help a petrophysical software such as IP, Interactive Petrophysics of LR. In this case, the client should provide in advance the instructor with at least 2 sets of wireline or LWD logs recorded in both water and oil based mud, together with mud logs, core data, pressure data and the associated CPI interpretation. For setup, a minimum of one PC for 2 participants is recommended. Licenses for instructor and participants to be borrowed by client.
Although originally planned for 5 days, this course can be, depending on the defined objectives, either reduced to 3 or 4 days or even extended to a second week as it is quite dense.
WHO SHOULD ATTEND ?
Geoscientists willing to either know the basics of well logging techniques and log applications or to begin log interpretation.
Prerequisites
This course is for geoscientists willing to either know the basics of well logging techniques and log applications or to begin log interpretation.
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